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                  <text>Petikan  ringkas mengenai  Keris  Nusantara yang diambil dari sumber seperti buku, jurnal, majalah dan suratkhabar samada dalam format bercetak atau digital </text>
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                  <text>Nur Fakhriah Diyanah binti Fizalman</text>
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              <text>Pembuatan keris di Sumenep tidak hanya asal membuat, tetapi disesuaikan dengan pesanan para kolektor. Industri ini terkonsentrasi di Desa AengTongtong dan Desa Palongan Kecamatan Bluto.  Ada sebanyak 347tenaga kerja yang memproduksi keris  ini. Pangsa pasar yang tersedia adalah”ban berjalan,” yakni kolaborasi beberapa keahlian dari warga tiga desadi Sumenep. Disain pamor dan bentuk digarap perajin yang berada diKecamatan Saronggi dan Kecamatan Bluto. Pekerjaan selanjutnya kemudian diserahkan kepada pandai besi diKecamatan Lenteng, sampai akhirnya berupa kondhokan atau bahan keris siapdibentuk. Pandai besi umumnya mendapat bahan baku besi dari Surabaya, termasuk memanfaatkan besi bekas. Proses pembuatan warangka lebih banyak dilakukan oleh pengrajin di kecamatan Bluto. Sedangkan peralatan yang digunakan sudah memakai peralatan modern, misalnya menajamkan sisi keris digunakan apilas.</text>
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                <text>Identifikasi pengrajin keris dan produk-produknya; menuju sertifikasi profesional di Kabupaten Sumenep</text>
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                <text>Artikel ini menjabarkan bagaimana program riset dan pengembangan identifikasi pengrajin keris dan produk-produknya di Kabupaten Sumenep akan mendukung terwujudnya sertifikasi pengrajin keris dan produk-produk pendukungnya secara profesional sehingga menjamin eksistensi Sumenep sebagai Kota Keris dunia untuk industri pariwisata Indonesia. Metode penggalian data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian deskriptif ini adalah wawancara, FGD dan dokumentasi. Dari situ, diperoleh gambaran bahwa Kabupaten Sumenep sudah seharusnya memikirkan bagaimana memberikan perlindungan kepada konsumen dan produsen agar dapat memperoleh atau menghasilkan produk keris dan perlengkapannya yang bermutu dan sesuai standar. Untuk menuju hal tersebut, identifikasi keris danproduk-produk pelengkapnya perlu dilakukan sebagai langkah dasar menujupengembangan sertifikasi pengrajin di kabupaten Sumenep. Identifikasi tersebut berkisar pada jenis keris, bentuk dan produk pendukung keris, industri keris yang tumbuh di Kabupaten Sumenep dan langkah tekninon teknis untuk meningkatkan sekaligus mempertahankan Keris secara produksi untuk industri dan kesenian keris.</text>
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                <text>Adam Damanhuri</text>
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                <text>Darni</text>
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                <text>Eko Rahayu Wahyuni</text>
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                <text>Sugeng Adipitoyo</text>
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                <text>Arif Sudrajat </text>
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                <text>Mamik TriWedawati</text>
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                <text>http://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar?q=cache:7ejCZAwpyEMJ:scholar.google.com/+artikel+berkaitan+keris&amp;hl=en&amp;as_sdt=0,5&amp;as_vis=1</text>
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                <text>Jurnal Pembangunan Sumenep</text>
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                <text>2 Jun 2022</text>
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                  <text>Petikan  ringkas mengenai  Keris  Nusantara yang diambil dari sumber seperti buku, jurnal, majalah dan suratkhabar samada dalam format bercetak atau digital </text>
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                  <text>Nur Fakhriah Diyanah binti Fizalman</text>
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              <text>Keris kamardikan dalam masyarakat Jawa memiliki peran yang cukup penting. Semenjak tahun 1970-an dan berlanjut terus hingga sekarang, dari kreativitas seninya telah memunculkan beragam bentuk dhapur keris, yakni: dhapur tangguh (klasik/konvensional ) dan dhapur kreasi ( kontemporer ). Kreativitasnya muncul karena faktor internal ( personal ) dari diri seniman keris kamardikan, dan secara ekternal dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan sekitarnya. Secara individual, mereka bertindak sebagai kreator dan komunikator yang kemudian mendapat tanggapan dari masyarakat pendukungnya. Sebagai indikatornya adalah munculnya berbagai organisasi pecinta keris yang merupakan agen kegiatan perkeris dan lembaga pendidikan seni.&#13;
 &#13;
Eksistensi sebuah warisan budaya tradisi di lingkungan masyarakat Jawa khususnya, diwujudkan pada peristiwa budaya yang tradisonal. Keris memiliki kedudukan yang penting yaitu selain sebagai tanda dan simbol, yang sarat dengan tontonan dan tuntunan, juga dipakai sebagai media pengakuan, yang apabila zaman kerajaan sebagai legetimasi kekuasaan raja, sekarang berubah menjadi media branding dari eksistensi seorang pemangku jabatan pemerintah. </text>
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                <text>Keris jawa "kamardikan" (teknik, bentuk, fungsi dan latar penciptaan)&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Penelitian tesis dengan judul “ KERIS JAWA KAMARDIKAN “&#13;
( Teknik, Bentuk, Fungsi dan Latar Penciptaan ), ini berusaha&#13;
mengungkap permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan eksistensi&#13;
keris kamardikan dalam konteks sosial dan budaya. Secara&#13;
historis keberadaan keris kamardikan merupakan lanjutan dari&#13;
tangguh keris sebelumnya dan bagian dari warisan nenek moyang&#13;
yang berupa budaya bendawi. Sebagai budaya bendawi keris&#13;
kamardikan memiliki, bentuk, teknik dan fungsi dengan ciri-khas&#13;
dan keunikan sendiri. </text>
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                <text>Kuntadi Wasi Darmojo</text>
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                <text>http://repository.isi-ska.ac.id/536/1/Tesis%20Kuntadi.pdf</text>
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                <text>PROGRAM PASCASARJANA INSTITUT SENI INDONESIA ( ISI ) SURAKARTA</text>
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                <text>2013</text>
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                <text>Thesis</text>
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                  <text>Petikan  ringkas mengenai  Keris  Nusantara yang diambil dari sumber seperti buku, jurnal, majalah dan suratkhabar samada dalam format bercetak atau digital </text>
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                  <text>Nur Fakhriah Diyanah binti Fizalman</text>
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              <text>The Keris is seen as a symbol of an identity, grandeur and supremacy of a person. It also shows the attitude and social standing of the owner by just looking at the type of Keris that is owned by the person. Only high ranking officials, army leaders and Sultans has their Keris’s named. The most famous is the Taming Sari which is believed to be the Keris of Hang Tuah when he was named Laksamana (Admiral) by the Sultan of Melaka. Today, the Taming Sari is now part of the Sultan of Perak’s Royal Regalia (Alat Kebesaran Diraja). Besides that, the Keris symbolizes the fighting spirit within the malay culture and their heroism back in the olden days. That’s why Keris is a popular addition in many coat of arms, most obviously the National Coat of Arms. It also the most common identity of the Malay culture.</text>
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                <text>5 things you don't know about keris</text>
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                <text>Keris is a dagger-like weapon used mainly by the warriors, rulers and commoners alike in early Malay Kingdoms in the Malay Archipelago. It is the most recognised symbol of the Nusantara. It is famous for it’s folklore from the Taming Sari of Hang Tuah and the infamous story of Laksamana Bentan stabbing the Sultan of Johor on a pedestal which is called “Sultan Mahmud Mangkat Dijulang”. It can be also seen on many coat of arms such as the Malaysia Army (Tentera Darat) and the Royal Malaysian Police Force (Polis Diraja Malaysia). However in modern times, the Keris seems to be dying of its main use beside traditional ceremonies. With the invention of gunpowder and the modern gun, swords and daggers, including Keris is no longer relevant for use of war. </text>
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                <text>https://www.locco.com.my/2018/09/05/5-things-you-dont-know-about-the-keris/</text>
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                <text>5 September 2018</text>
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                  <text>Petikan  ringkas mengenai  Keris  Nusantara yang diambil dari sumber seperti buku, jurnal, majalah dan suratkhabar samada dalam format bercetak atau digital </text>
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                  <text>Nur Fakhriah Diyanah binti Fizalman</text>
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              <text>The shape of the Keris is quite unique and not found in any other weapon or dagger in the world. It has curves or waves that give the Keris its unique identity. The Keris is also a revered object and is part of the royal regalia.&#13;
&#13;
The Keris’ beauty is made complete by the intricately carved wooden handle or hilt that sometimes depicts the shape of a kingfisher or other objects inspired by nature.&#13;
&#13;
The best Keris makers are found in Kampung Pasir Panjang and Kampung Ladang Titian in Kuala Terengganu.</text>
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                <text>Keris making&#13;
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                <text>The Keris is a traditional Malay dagger and is regarded as a cultural symbol of the Malays. The Keris is meant to not only physically protect the wearer and owner but is believed to hold mystical powers that further shields its owner from further harm. Legend has it that the owner would know danger lurking if the Keris starts to rattle in its sheath.</text>
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                <text>https://www.beautifulterengganu.com/keris-making/</text>
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                <text>Tourism Terengganu </text>
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              <text>Di Kelantan, antara jajahan yang boleh dikatakan menyerlah dengan kumpulan atau komuniti peminat keris ialah Pasir Puteh. Terdapat dalam kalangan pengumpul keris yang ‘mencari makan’ menerusi aktiviti jual beli senjata lama itu. Keris mahal disebabkan keindahan dan kesempurnaan bilahnya.</text>
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                <text>Keris merupakan senjata orang Melayu di zaman dahulu merupakan pusaka bangsa yang tidak ternilai kerana mempunyai nilai tersendiri. Ia yang juga merupakan lambang kepahlawanan dan identiti Melayu itu menarik minat sesetengah orang untuk dijadikan koleksi peribadi pada hari ini. </text>
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                <text>https://www.kosmo.com.my/2022/02/20/keris-lama-cecah-nilai-rm50000/&#13;
&#13;
Torek Sulong (2022). Keris lama cecah nilai RM50,000&#13;
. KOSMO. https://www.kosmo.com.my/2022/02/20/keris-lama-cecah-nilai-rm50000/</text>
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              <text>"Baru-baru ini ada usaha menimbulkan rasa gusar, apabila ada seorang tokoh politik ditahan polis. Semasa individu itu ditahan pihak berkuasa, saya difahamkan pada awal pagi atau tengah malam pada hari sama telah tersebar di TikTok di mana beberapa lelaki duduk di sebuah meja bersama peranti atau telefon pintar dengan gambar individu tersebut. Di satu sudut meja terdapat senjata, kapak dan keris. Bagi saya dan sudah pasti bagi pihak polis, waima pihak TikTok sekalipun gambar yang ditonjolkan itu adalah ugutan jenayah," katanya ketika berucap pada majlis penyampaian watikah komuniti MADANI peringkat zon tengah, Selangor di Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) di sini, pada Ahad.</text>
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                <text>Akaun TikTok rasmi Menteri Besar Kedah, Datuk Seri Muhammad Sanusi Md Nor disekat baru-baru ini selepas dipercayai memaparkan senjata seperti kapak dan keris, yang jelas melanggar garis panduan komuniti platform media sosial tersebut.&#13;
&#13;
Menteri Komunikasi dan Digital, Fahmi Fadzil menyifatkan unsur yang ditonjolkan dalam kandungan tersebut sebagai ugutan jenayah.</text>
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                <text>Ramayah, Umavathi  ( 23 Julai 2023). Keris dan kapak di akaun tiktok Sanusi cetus kegusaran . ASTRO AWANI. https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/keris-kapak-di-akaun-tiktok-sanusi-cetus-kegusaran-429387&#13;
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              <text>Sheikh Abdul Sani berkata masyarakat hari ini memandang mudah dalam melakukan acara mandikan keris dengan mengunakan bahan asas dan kadang-kala tidak bersesuaian dengan keris tertentu.&#13;
&#13;
Beliau yang juga pengumpul senjata tradisional Melayu berkata bahan yang digunakan untuk mandikan keris berbeza mengikut campuran besi yang diguna untuk membuat keris tersebut, adat mandikan keris yang dibuat daripada lebih tujuh jenis besi adalah lebih rumit berbanding dengan keris biasa.&#13;
&#13;
Katanya terdapat empat peringkat mandikan keris iaitu peringkat pertama adalah acara mandikan bagi membuang kotoran, karat dan bisa dengan merendam keris tersebut dalam tempoh tertentu dalam bekas berisi samada air kelapa, air nenas, asam jawa, air kapur dan sebangainya.</text>
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                <text>Pada zaman dahulu fungsi keris bukan hanya sebagai senjata tetapi ianya dijadikan sebagai simbol utusan kerajaan, lambang darjat, pangkat kepada pemiliknya sehingga ada upacara khas untuk memandikan keris yang dilakukan orang tertentu yang digelar “Empu keris”. &#13;
&#13;
Empu keris (Tukang mandikan keris), Sheikh Abdul Sani Sheikh Hashim, 55 berkata masyarakat dahulu lebih menghargai keris sehingga ianya dianggap sebagai khazanah berharga, ianya dijaga dengan baik dan dimandikan mengikut adat serta pantang larangnya, namum hari ini orang ramai tidak lagi menjaga keris dan hanya membiarkanya tergantung di dinding rumah.</text>
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                <text>Bernama (7 November 2019). Mandi keris, tradisi semakin dilupakan.  FMT Media Sdn Bhd. https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/bahasa/2019/11/07/mandi-keris-tradisi-semakin-dilupakan/</text>
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              <text>In 2018, the Yayasan Raja Muda Selangor (YRMS) found that there were fewer than 10 keris-makers alive today in Malaysia.&#13;
&#13;
Realising the need to preserve the art and skill, YRMS started training three young men under its “Talent for The World” training series.&#13;
&#13;
“With the three new young keris-makers, the YRMS has initiated the sustainability of the art of keris-making,’’ said board of trustees chairman Raja Tan Sri Arshad Raja Tun Uda.</text>
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                <text>Keris-making is an ancient art, going back to the ninth century and it remains a very important component of Malay history, tradition and culture.&#13;
&#13;
Sadly, the art form as well as the keris-making trade is slowly disappearing as most of the masters in the field are no more or are ageing.</text>
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                <text>Wani Mutiah </text>
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                <text>Wani Mutiah (01 December2022). Keeping the art of keris making alive. The Star. https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2022/12/01/keeping-the-art-of-keris-making-alive</text>
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              <text>Menghasilkan sebilah keris merupakan perkara yang tidak mudah. Kadang-kala, sebanyak 17 logam yang berbeza digunakan dalam pembuatan keris, dan setiap logam ini mempunyai ciri-ciri khas.  Antara logam yang digunakan ialah ‘Pulasani’ dan ‘Pamor’.&#13;
&#13;
Penghasilan sebuah keris pula mengambil masa paling kurang dua minggu, tetapi mampu juga berlanjutan hingga sebulan bergantung kepada kualiti dan keunikan keris tersebut. Sebelum memulakan proses pembuatan pula, ayat suci Al-Quran harus dibacakan supaya pembuatan berjalan dengan lancar. Sesetengah orang pula membaca doa-doa tertentu supaya keris tersebut ‘bersemangat’.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
[Keris kebanggaan Melayu. (n.d.). Kata Malaysia. https://katamalaysia.my/culture/keris-kebanggaan-melayu/]</text>
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                <text>Keris merupakan satu senjata dan alat mempertahankan diri yang sangat unik di kalangan masyarakat Melayu pada zaman dahulu. Pahlawan dan pembesar tanah air mempunyai talian yang erat dengan keris kerana gandingan ini telah berjaya menentang anasir luar.&#13;
&#13;
Dengan reka bentuknya yang lain daripada yang lain, sebilah keris digunakan sebagai senjata terakhir di medan peperangan. Walaupun pendek, ia sangat berbahaya dan sesiapa yang ditikam dengan keris pasti akan merana dan kecederaannya boleh membawa maut.&#13;
&#13;
Keris ini dapat menunjukkan betapa hebatnya pemikiran orang Melayu pada zaman dulu, kerana setiap bahan, kaedah pembuatan, dan cara penggunaannya sangat terperinci dan bersebab. Dengan kata lainnya, sebilah keris bukan sesuatu senjata yang boleh dipandang remeh.</text>
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                <text>Kata Malaysia (4 Mei 2020). Keris Kebanggaan Melayu. KATA MALAYSIA. https://katamalaysia.my/culture/keris-kebanggaan-melayu/</text>
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                <text>KATA MALAYSIA</text>
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                  <text>Petikan  ringkas mengenai  Keris  Nusantara yang diambil dari sumber seperti buku, jurnal, majalah dan suratkhabar samada dalam format bercetak atau digital </text>
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                  <text>Nur Fakhriah Diyanah binti Fizalman</text>
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              <text>The Keris is a complex piece of art, with each detail having significant meanings and serving specific magical and spiritual purposes.&#13;
&#13;
The blade of the keris, the hilt and also the scabbard all present their own iconography. However, these last two elements are seen as subject to changes. Only the blade remains a constant, and only the blade is regarded as having a spiritual element.&#13;
&#13;
Keris blades have two kinds of shape: straight and meandering. There are approximately 200 kinds of straight keris and 250 kinds of meandering keris.&#13;
&#13;
[Culture, I. (2023, June 22). Keris: The Sacred Daggers of Indonesia - Indosphere Culture - Medium. Medium. https://indosphere.medium.com/keris-the-sacred-daggers-of-indonesia-355326550e8d]</text>
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                <text>Keris: The sacred daggers of Indonesia&#13;
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                <text>A keris is a double-edged asymmetrical dagger originating in Java. It is both a weapon and a ritual object loaded with spiritual significance. Keris are also indigenous to Malaysia, Thailand, Brunei, Singapore and the Philippines where it is known as kalis, with sword variants.&#13;
&#13;
The keris is widely distributed throughout the areas of influence of the Majapahit Empire, and in the Cham areas of Cambodia, who are heirs to the ancient Shiva-Buddha religion that once spanned all of Southeast Asia. It also appeared in the Dong-Son culture of Vietnam as early as 300 B.C.&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Indosphere Culture (20 September  2019). Keris: The sacred daggers of Indonesia. INDOSPHERE. https://indosphere.medium.com/keris-the-sacred-daggers-of-indonesia-355326550e8d&#13;
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